D44: comparing thc administration method with absorption and thc content
Comparing THC Administration Method with Absorption and THC Content
Introduction
The method of administration of THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) can significantly affect its absorption rate, onset, and overall bioavailability. Various methods—ranging from smoking to edibles to topical applications—each come with their unique pharmacokinetic profiles. This article aims to provide an overview of the timing of absorption and other influential factors like environment, stomach content, and recent physical activity.
Comparison Table
Method of Administration
Timing of Absorption
Impacted by Environment
Impacted by Food
Impacted by Metabolism
Impacted by Activity Level
Joint
1-3 minutes
Moderate
Low
High
Moderate
Pipe/Bowl
1-3 minutes
Moderate
Low
High
Moderate
Bong
1-3 minutes
Moderate
Low
High
Moderate
Vaporizer (Outlet)
1-5 minutes
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
Vaporizer (Handheld)
1-5 minutes
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
Edibles
30-120 minutes
Low
High
High
Moderate
Topical
N/A
Low
N/A
Low
N/A
Buccal
20-40 minutes
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Low
Suppository
15-45 minutes
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
Transdermal
30-60 minutes
Low
Low
Moderate
Low
Discussion of Methods
Inhaled Methods (Joint, Pipe/Bowl, Bong)
Rapid absorption with onset within minutes, usually less affected by the environment but significantly influenced by metabolic rate (Huestis, 2007).
Vaporizers
Both outlet and handheld vaporizers have a quick onset of effects, are less influenced by the environment and food content, but metabolism plays a moderate role (Gieringer et al., 2004).
Edibles
Slowest onset due to first-pass metabolism, highly impacted by food content in the stomach and metabolic rate (Grotenhermen, 2003).
Topical
Generally not absorbed into the bloodstream, least affected by metabolism, activity level, and food content (Stinchcomb et al., 2004).
Buccal
Moderate absorption rate and is mildly influenced by metabolism, food content, and activity level (Pavlovic et al., 2018).
Suppository
Quick absorption and low influence by environmental factors, food content, and activity level (Russo, 2018).
Transdermal
Steady absorption and minimally affected by most external and internal factors (Paudel et al., 2010).
Special Considerations and Warnings
Patients with cardiovascular disorders, liver or kidney issues, psychiatric illnesses, or those who are pregnant should consult with Dr. Caplan at CED Clinic for specialized, evidence-based treatment plans.
References
Huestis, M. A. (2007). Human Cannabinoid Pharmacokinetics. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 4(8), 1770-1804.
Gieringer, D., St. Laurent, J., & Goodrich, S. (2004). Cannabis Vaporizer Combines Efficient Delivery of THC with Effective Suppression of Pyrolytic Compounds. Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, 4(1), 7-27.
Grotenhermen, F. (2003). Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids. Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 42(4), 327-360.
Stinchcomb, A. L., Valiveti, S., Hammell, D. C., & Ramsey, D. R. (2004). Human skin permeation of Δ8‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 56(3), 291-297.
Paudel, K. S., Hammell, D. C., Agu, R. U., Valiveti, S., & Stinchcomb, A. L. (2010). Cannabidiol bioavailability after nasal and transdermal application: effect of permeation enhancers. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 36(9), 1088-1097.
Contact Dr. Caplan at CED Clinic for specialized guidance, particularly if you have any of the mentioned medical conditions. Dr. Caplan offers expert advice based on individual
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