D62: Cannabinoid Receptors and Chronic Genetic Diseases

Cannabinoid Receptors and Chronic Genetic Diseases

Understanding the role of cannabinoid receptors across various organs is essential, especially in the context of chronic genetic diseases. These receptors are not just confined to the brain but are also found in several other organs, playing diverse roles from modulating pain to affecting metabolic and immune functions. In addition, it’s crucial to understand that cannabinoid action isn’t limited to direct receptor binding. Various enzymes and proteins modulate the endocannabinoid system indirectly, offering additional layers of control and potential therapeutic targets.

Comprehensive Comparison Table of Cannabinoid Receptors

Receptor TypeOrgans PresentRelative DensityDirect/Indirect BindingInhibit/InduceRelevant Cannabinoids
CB1Brain, Liver, LungsHigh in BrainDirectBothTHC, Anandamide
CB2Immune Cells, Spleen, GI tractHigh in Immune CellsDirectBothCBD, 2-AG, CBG
GPR55Brain, Spleen, GI tractModerateDirectInduceLPI, CBD
TRPV1Peripheral Nerves, BrainModerateDirectInduceAnandamide, Capsaicin
TRPV2Immune Cells, Peripheral NervesModerateDirectInduceCBD
PPARsLiver, Kidneys, HeartModerateDirectBothFatty acids, THC
5-HTBrain, GI tract, Blood VesselsModerateIndirectInduceCBD
α2-AdrenergicBrain, Blood VesselsLowIndirectInhibitClonidine, CBD
GlycineCNS, Spinal CordLowDirectInduceGlycine, CBD
Mu OpioidCNS, GI tractModerateIndirectInduceEndorphins, Enkephalins
Delta OpioidCNS, Peripheral nervesLowIndirectInduceEndorphins, Enkephalins

Indirect Cannabinoid Modulators

Modulator TypeOrgans PresentDirect/IndirectInhibit/InduceRelevant Cannabinoids
FAAHBrain, LiverIndirectInhibitAnandamide, PEA
MAGLBrain, LiverIndirectInhibit2-AG
COX-2Most tissuesIndirectInhibitCBD, THC
NADABrain, NervesIndirectInduceNADA, Anandamide
NMDACNSIndirectModulateGlutamate, NMDA
DopamineCNSIndirectModulateDopamine, CBD
GABACNSIndirectModulateGABA, Anandamide
Nicotinic AChCNSIndirectModulateACh, CBD
AMTCNSIndirectInhibitAnandamide
LOXMost tissuesIndirectInduceLA, AA

References:

  1. Herkenham, M., et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1991.
  2. Russo, E. B. Br J Pharmacol, 2011.
  3. Pertwee, R. G. Curr Med Chem, 2010.
  4. Matsuda, L. A., et al. Nature, 1990.
  5. Di Marzo, V., et al. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2015.
  6. Ahn, K., et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2008.
  7. De Petrocellis, L., et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2011.
  8. Cravatt, B. F., et al. Nature, 1996.
  9. Mechoulam, R., & Parker, L. A. Annu Rev Psychol, 2013.

Special Notes:

Patients with conditions such as schizophrenia, liver diseases, and cardiovascular disorders should exercise caution. For personalized, expert consultation, reach out to Dr. Caplan at CED Clinic.

📗 Note: If the diagram’s a nibble, the book’s a three-course meal with dessert. Bon appétit, available here 📗.

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